IAOMT cov tswv yim pom zoo rau kev tshem tawm amalgam yog lub npe hu ua Safe Mercury Amalgam Tshem Tawm Cov Tswv Yim (SMART). Nco ntsoov tias SMART yog nthuav tawm raws li cov lus pom zoo. Cov kws kho mob uas muaj lais xees yuav tsum tawm dag zog rau lawv tus kheej kev txiav txim siab hais txog cov kev xaiv khomob tshwj xeeb los siv rau lawv kev coj ua. SMART cov lus qhia raws tu qauv suav nrog kev ntsuas hauv qab no, uas tau teev nyob ntawm no nrog cov kev tshawb fawb:
Lub tswv yim IAOMT muaj kev nyab xeeb tshem tawm txoj cai raug kho dua tshiab tsis ntev los no thaum Lub Xya Hli 19, 2019. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum Lub Xya Hli 1, 2016, IAOMT cov tswv yim pom zoo raug tso npe hu ua Kev Nyab Xeeb Malury Amalgam Tshem Tawm Cov Txheej Txheem (SMART), thiab ib chav cob qhia rau IAOMT kws kho hniav los ua ntawv pov thawj hauv SMART tau pib.
Txhua yam kev kho hniav kom huv si muaj kwv yees li 50% mercury,1 thiab cov ntawv qhia thiab tshawb fawb pom zoo raws li cov sau no muaj cov tshuaj mercury vapors.2-16
Kev tshawb fawb qhia pom tias kev tso tshuaj lom hlau ua kom pom cov kws kho hniav, cov neeg ua hauj lwm kho hniav, cov neeg kho hniav, thiab / lossis menyuam lub cev tso tawm cov pa luam yeeb, cov kab mob muaj mercury, thiab / lossis lwm yam paug kis mob mercury.4-48
Tsis tas li ntawd, paub muaj cov mercury vapor nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim siab los ntawm kev kuaj hniav sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov nqi siab dua thaum txhuam hniav, tu, ntxuav cov hniav, zom thiab lwm yam,5, 14, 15, 24, 30, 49–54 thiab cov mercury tseem tseem paub kom tso tawm thaum tso, hloov, thiab tshem tawm cov tshuaj mercury amalgam.2, 25, 28, 29, 32, 36, 41, 45, 46, 55-60
Kev siv cov pov thawj tshawb pom muaj pov thawj, IAOMT tau tsim cov kev pom zoo muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev tshem tawm cov pa tshuaj mercury amalgam uas twb muaj lawm, suav nrog kev tiv thaiv kom ntxaws uas siv rau cov txheej txheem. IAOMT cov lus pom zoo tsim los ua cov kev cai ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg zoo xws li kev siv lub qhov ncauj, kev siv dej, thiab qhov siab ntim los ntawm kev ntxiv cov tswv yim no nrog ntau cov kev tiv thaiv, qhov xav tau uas nyuam qhuav tshawb nrhiav hauv kev tshawb fawb.
- Yuav tsum tau nruab ib qho kev sib xyaw ua ke, siv, thiab tswj xyuas kom khaws cov tshuaj mercury amalgam kom tsis txhob tawm mus rau hauv cov dej cawv los ntawm chaw kho hniav.25, 61-73
- Txhua chav uas muaj cov tshuaj mercury tshem tawm yuav tsum muaj qhov chaw lim dej txaus rau hauv qhov chaw,29, 74-76 uas yuav tsum tau muaj qhov ntim ntawm huab cua ntau (xws li ntawm qhov chaw aerosol nqus) muaj peev xwm tshem tawm cov pa phem mercury thiab cov pa uas tsim nyob thaum tshem tawm ib lossis ntau cov ntsiab lus mercury.45, 77
- Yog tias ua tau, lub qhov rais yuav tsum tau qhib kom txo cov mercury hauv cov huab cua.29, 77-79
- Tus neeg mob yuav muab cov hmoov av ntawm cov hluav ncaig, chlorella, los yog zoo li adsorbent kom yaug thiab nqos ua ntej cov txheej txheem (tshwj tsis yog tias tus neeg mob tso tawm lossis muaj lwm yam sib kis ua rau qhov no tsis tsim nyog hauv tsev kho mob).77, 80, 81
- Cov khaub ncaws tiv thaiv thiab npog tiv thaiv rau kws kho hniav,25, 45 cov neeg kho hniav,25, 45 thiab tus neeg mob45 yuav tsum nyob hauv qhov chaw. Txhua tus nyob hauv chav yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv vim tias ntau ntau ntawm cov khoom tsim tawm thaum lub txheej txheem yuav cais tawm los ntawm cov khoom nqus.36, 45 Nws tau raug qhia pom tias cov xau no tuaj yeem kis tau ntawm tus neeg mob lub qhov ncauj mus rau tes, caj npab, ntsej muag, hauv siab thiab lwm qhov chaw ntawm tus kws kho hniav thiab tus neeg mob lub cev.45
- Cov hnab looj tes tsis muaj qe nitrile yuav tsum yog siv los ntawm tus kws kho hniav thiab txhua tus neeg kho hniav hauv chav.45, 46, 77, 82-83 ib
- Lub ntsej muag tiv thaiv ntsej muag thiab npog / npog taub hau yog siv cov kws kho hniav thiab txhua tus neeg kho hniav hauv chav.45, 77, 80
- Tsis hais lub npog qhov ncauj qhov ntswg, tso pa uas tsim nyog txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau nqus tau qhov nqus lossis cov pa kom zoo, lub npog ntsej muag muab pa lossis pa oxygen yuav tsum hnav los ntawm kws kho hniav thiab txhua tus neeg kho hniav hauv chav.36, 45, 76, 77
- Txhawm rau tiv thaiv tus neeg mob cov tawv nqaij thiab khaub ncaws hnav, tag nrho lub cev, tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam, nrog rau lub taub hau / ntsej muag / caj dab tag nrho sab hauv / ib puag ncig ntawm lub pas dej tauv, xav tau siv.45, 77, 80
- Cov huab cua sab nraud lossis pa xa los ntawm qhov ntswg qhov ntswg rau tus neeg mob kuj yuav tsum tau siv kom paub tseeb tias tus neeg mob tsis nqus cov pa hlau mercury vapor lossis amalgam pa tawm thaum tus txheej txheem.45, 77, 80 Lub qhov ntswg qhov ntswg yog qhov hloov kho tau rau lub hom phiaj no ntev npaum li tus neeg mob lub qhov ntswg tau npog tag nrog qhov tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam.
- Kev kho hniav puas74-76, 84-87 uas tau ua nrog cov khoom lag luam nitrile tsis-latex45, 77, 83 yuav tsum muab ntim thiab tsim nyog kaw rau hauv tus neeg mob lub qhov ncauj.
- Yuav tsum tso ib qho hnoos qeev rau hauv qhov chaw kho hniav txhawm rau txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mercury mus rau tus neeg mob.45, 77
- Lub sijhawm amalgam puv tshem tawm, tus kws kho hniav yuav tsum siv lub tshuab nqus ntawm qhov ncauj mus rau qhov chaw ze (piv txwv li, ob mus rau plaub ntiv ntawm tus neeg mob lub qhov ncauj) kom txo tau cov pa tshuaj mercury.45, 88
- Kev khiav tawm nrawm dua ua rau muaj kev ntes tau zoo dua thaum ntsuas nrog Kev Nkag Mus Los ntawm cov cuab yeej huv,45, 87 uas tsis tas yuav tsum tab sis nyiam.
- Dej ntim hauv qhov dej kom txo tau thaum tshav kub45, 74, 76, 77, 86, 89–91 thiab cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob nrawm nrawm txhawm rau txhawm rau ntes cov pa hluav taws xob tso tawm25, 29, 45, 74-77, 86, 90, 91 yuav tsum muaj kom txo tau cov pa luam yeeb nyob ib puag ncig.46
- Cov suab nruab nrab yuav tsum muab faib ua tej pawg thiab muab tshem ua tej daim loj li sai tau,45, 74, 77, 80 siv lub laum me txoj kab uas hla carbide.29, 86
- Thaum txoj kev tshem tawm tiav, tus neeg mob lub qhov ncauj yuav tsum tau muab yaug nrog dej77, 80 thiab tom qab ntawd yaug tawm nrog lub tshuab hluav ncaig hluav taws xob, chlorella lossis zoo sib xws.81
- Cov kws kho hniav yuav tsum ua raws tsoomfwv, lub xeev thiab cov cai hauv nroog hais txog kev ua haujlwm kom raug, ntxuav, thiab / lossis pov tseg cov tshuaj lom mob nyav, khaub ncaws, khoom siv, khoom siv sab hauv chav, thiab pua hauv cov chaw kho hniav.
- Thaum lub sijhawm qhib thiab saib xyuas cov ntxiab ntawm cov haujlwm hauv cov haujlwm lossis ntawm lub tsev nqus, cov neeg ua haujlwm kho hniav yuav tsum siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tus kheej uas tau piav qhia saum toj no.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias yog kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb, IAOMT tsis pom zoo kom amalgam txhawm rau tshem tawm rau cov poj niam cev xeeb tub lossis pub niam mis thiab tias IAOMT tsis pom zoo tias cov neeg kho hniav uas cev xeeb tub lossis pub niam mis rau kev ua haujlwm uas cuam tshuam rau amalgam sau tuaj (suav nrog lawv tshem tawm).